All too often, website owners are lax in nailing down ownership and control of valuable domain names, and as a result, are often required to litigate these issues costing them thousands. The case of Dawson v. Brandsberg illustrates these costly mistakes and how to avoid them.
Dawson v. Brandsberg – The Facts
The dispute was between a website operator and developer regarding rights to a domain name that consist of the operator's name: "robertedawson.com". Plaintiff Dawson and his real estate firm (the website operator) hired Defenders Brandsberg (the website developer) to develop a website. A key fact is that there was no written agreement concerning possession or use of the domain name.
Other important facts include:
* Plaintiffs requested Defendant to register the domain name at issue;
* Defendant developed the website associated with the domain name; and
* Plaintiffs paid for the initial registration of the domain name, plus development, hosting, and maintenance fees for the website.
Occasionally, the business relationship soured, and the Plaintiffs bought to transfer the domain name and the website to another internet service provider. The Defendant refused to transfer the domain name and the website, and essentially held the domain name hostage.
Dawson v. Brandsberg – The Decision
Dawson welcomed suit against Brandsberg in the US District Court in Virginia under the Cyberpiracy Provisions of the Lanham Act, Section 43 (d), 15 USC 1125 (d). Dawson v. Brandsberg, 2006 WL 2915234 (WD Va., Oct. 10, 2006). Plaintiffs argued that the federal cyberpiracy prevention strategy was applicable, and that it protected the domain name and imposed liability for a bad faith registration with the intent to profit from the registration. Plaintiffs also argued that it had a non-exclusive, implied license to use the domain name, given that Plaintiffs had paid for registration, development, hosting, and maintenance of the website.
Defendant Blandsberg argued that:
* Plaintiff's name was not a proper trademark because it was not distinct at the time of registration of the domain name,
* Defendant had registered the domain name and developed the website with the intent to sell it to Plaintiff at a later date, and
* Plaintiff had no copyright or implied license in the website.
Defendant Blandsberg filed for a motion to dismiss most of the counts of the suit. The Court rule in favor of Plaintiff Dawson denying the motion. The Court seemed to rely heavily on Plaintiffs' arguments regarding the implied license, stating "Even assuming that Brandsberg created the website, if Plaintiffs have no license to use the website or domain name, the creation would be valueless."
Conclusion: Lessons Learned
Do not rely on oral agreements; get it in writing! Provide not only for ownership of the website, but also of the domain name.
Provide that your domain name be registered in your name, not in the name of the vendor.
Also, note that control over the domain name is very important, and control goes with knowledge of the ID and passwords to the domain name account with the Registrar. So to maintain control, be sure to change the password so that you are the only one who has access to the administrative controls for your domain name at your Registrar's site.